Climate Class 9 Geography Lesson 4 Question and Answers
Climate
1. Choose the right answer
1. Which one of the following places receive the highest rainfall in the world?
a) Silchar. b) Cherrapunji. c) Mawsynram. d) Guwahati
2. The wind blowing in the northern plains in summers is known as:
a)Kaal Baisakhi b)Loo c)Trade Winds d) None of these
Answer:- b) Loo
3. Which one of the following causes rainfall during winters in north-western part of India.
a) Cyclonic depression. b) Retreating monsoon . c) Western disturbances d) Southwest monsoon
Answer:- c) Western disturbances
4. Monsoon arrives in India approximately in:
a) Early May b) Early July. c) Early June. d) Early August
Answer:- b) Early July.
5. Which one of the following characterises the cold weather season in India?
a) Warm days and warm nights. b) Warm days and cold nights. c) Cool days and cold nights. d) Cold days and warm nights
Answer:- b) Warm days and cold nights.
2 . Answer the following questions briefly.
i. What are controls affecting the climate of India ?
Answer:- i. Latitude
ii. Altitude
iii. Pressure and winds
ii. Why does India have a monsoon type of climate ?
Answer:- The climate of India is strongly influenced by monsoon winds. The sailors who come to India in historic time where one of the first two have noticed the phenomenon of the monsoon. They benefited from the reversal of the wind system as they came by sailing ships at the mercy of winds. The Arabs, who had also come to India as traders named this seasonal reversal of the wind system "monsoon".
(a) The differential heating and cooling of land and water.
(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence zone (ITCZ)
(c) There presence of the high- pressure area east of Madagascar
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated
(e)The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.
iii. Which part of India does experience the highest diurnal range of temperature and why ?
Answer:- In the Thar Desert the day temperature may rise to 50°C, and drop down to near 15°C the same night.
iv. Which winds account for rainfall along the Malabar cost ?
Answer:- Southwest monsoon winds
v. What are Jet streams and how do they affect the climate of India?
Answer:- These these are a narrow belt of high altitude (above 12,000 m) westerly winds in the troposphere. Their speed varies from about 110 km/ h in summer to about 184 km/ h in winter. A number of separate Jet streams have been identified. The most constant are the the mid-latitude and the subtropical jet stream.
vi. Define monsoons. What do you understand by "break" in monsoon ?
Answer:- A seasonal prevailing wind in the region of South and SE Asia, blowing from the south-west between May and September and bringing rain (the wet monsoon ), or from the north-east between October and April (the dry monsoon).
The the monsoon rain takes place for only a few days at a time. They are interspersed with rainless intervals. This breaks in monsoon are related to the movement of the monsoon trough.
vii. Why is the monsoon considered a unifying bond ?
Answer:-
The seasonal alteration of wind system and the associated weather condition provide a rhythmic cycle of season. Even the uncertainties operation and uneven distribution are very much typical of the monsoon.
The Indian landscape, its animal and plant life its entire agriculture calendar and the life of the people, including their festivities,revolve around this phenomenon. This monsoon winds bind the whole country by providing water to the set a agricultural activities in motion.
3. Why does the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India.
Answer:- When wind lose the moisture contain then the rainfall decrease from the east to the west in Northern India.
4 . Give reasons as to why.
i. Seasonal reversal of wind direction takes place over the Indian subcontinent ?
Answer:- Seasonal reversal of wind takes place over the Indian subcontinent because In winter there is high pressure area in the north of the Himalaya and there is low pressure area over the Ocean to south. This cause a complete reversal of the direction of wind during summer and rise of Southwest monsoon.
ii. The bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
Answer:- The rainfall received by the India largely due to the Southwest monsoon wind. The duration of the monsoon is between 100-120 days from early June to mid September. the bulk of rainfall in India is concentrated over a few months.
iii. The Tamil Nadu coast receives winter rainfall.
Answer:- During the winter season, the North East tradewinds prevail over the country. They blow from land to sea and hence, for most part of the country, it is a dry season. some amount of rainfall occurs on the Tamil Nadu coast from these winds as, here they blow from sea to land.
iv. The delta region of eastern coast is frequently struck by cyclones.
Answer:- This is because the cyclone depression that originate over the Andaman sea are bought by in the sub-tropical easterly jet stream over Peninsula India during the monsoon as well as the October2 November period.
v. Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drought-prone.
Answer:- The Parts of Rajasthan, Gujarat and the leeward side of the Western Ghats are drough prone because they don't receive much rain fall. The monsoon wind has very less moisture by the time they reach Gujarat and Rajasthan that's why this area are drought-prone.
5. Describe the regional variations in the climatic conditions of India with the help of suitable examples.
Answer:-Though there is an overall unity in general pattern of monsoon, there are still some regional variations in climatic conditions. The two important elements temperature and rainfall.
For example in summer the temperature is about 50 degrees in Rajasthan and on the same day it is about 20 degrees in Pahalgam of Jammu and Kashmir.
In the same way on a winter night temperature at Drass it may be as low as minus 45 degrees and in Thiruvananthapuram it is 20 degrees
6. Discuss the mechanism of monsoons.
Answer:- To understand mechanism of monsoons, the following facts are important.
(a). The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure.
(b). The shifting of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over the Ganga plain (this is the equatorial through normally positioned about 5°N of the equator. It is also known as the monsoon trough during the monsoon season.)
(c). The presence of the the high pressure area, is off Madagascar. X approximately at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. The intensity and position of this high-pressure area affects the Indian monsoon.
(d). The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents and the formation of low pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level.
(e). The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the Tropical easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.
(f). This periodic change in pressure conditions is known as the Southern oscillation or SO. The difference in pressure over Tahiti (Pacific Ocean, 18°S/149°W) and Darwin Northern Australia (Indian Ocean, 12°30'S/131°E) is computed to predict the intensity of the monsoon. If the pressure differences where negative, it would mean below average and late monsoon.
7. Give an account of weather conditions and characteristics of the cold season.
Answer:- The cold weather season begins from mid November in Northern India and stay till February.
Days are warm and nights are cold.
8. Give the characteristics and effects of the monsoon rainfall in India.
Answer:- characteristics of the monsoon rainfall in India.
1. The duration of moon is between 100 -120 days from early June to mid- September.
2. Around the time of its arrival, the normal rainfall increases suddenly and continuous constantly for several days.
3. This is known as "burst" of the monsoon.
4. Can be distinguished from the pre monsoon showers.
5. The monsoon arrives at the Southern tip of the Indian peninsula generally by the first week of June.
Effects of the monsoon rainfall in India
Reason such as part of Rajasthan Gujarat leh and the leeward side of the Western ghats receive very little rainfall
Effect of monsoon rainfall in India Indian agriculture is largely depend upon the water from monsoon rains.
Comments
Post a Comment