Forest And Wildlife Resources
i) Which of these statements is not a valid reason for the depletion of flora and fauna?
a) Agricultural expansion c) Grazing and fuel wood collection
b) Large scale development projects d) Rapid industrialisation and urbanisation
Answer:c) Grazing and fuel wood collection
ii) Which of the following conservation strategies do not directly involve community participation?
a) Joint forest management c) Chipko movement
b) Beej Bachao Andolan d) Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries
Answer: d) Demarcation of wildlife sanctuaries
2. Match the following animals with their category of existence
Animals/Plants Category of existence
i) Black Buck - Endangered
ii) Asiatic elephant - Vulnerable
iii) Andaman wild pig - Endemic
iv) Himalayan brown bear - Rare
v) Pink head duck - Extinct
3. Match the following
i) Reserved forest - forests are regarded as most valuable as for as the conservation of forest and wildlife resources
ii) Protected forests - forests lands are protected from any further depletion
iii) Unclassed forests - other forests and wastelands belonging to both government and private individuals and communities
4. Answer the following questions in about 30 words.
i) What is biodiversity? Why is biodiversity important for human lives?
Answer:
Plants with millions of other living beings, starting from micro organism and bacteria, lichens to banana trees , elephant and blue whales. This entire habitat that we live in has immense biodiversity. Humans along with all living organism organism from complex web of ecological system in which we are only a part and very much dependent on this system for our own existence. The plants animals and microorganism recreate the equality of air we breath, the water we drink and the soil that produce our food without which we cannot survive. forest player key role in ecological system as these are also the primary producer on which all living beings depend. Science biodiversity is important for humans lives.
ii) How have human activities affected the depletion of flora and fauna? Explain.
5. Answer the following questions in about 120 words.
i) Describe how communities have conserved and protected forest and wildlife in India?
Answer:
In India many traditional communities still live in a close contact with the forests as they depend on the forest produce for their livelihood. Such local communities are contributing significantly in conservation of the forest land. For example;
(i)In Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, villagers fought against mining activities.
In Alwar district of Rajasthan, local communities belonging to five villages have set their own rules and regulations in 1,200 hectares of forest land to stop hunting and outside encroachments in these lands.
(ii)The Bishnois of Rajasthan protect black buck, chinkara and peacocks quite fervently.
Chipko movement is another example of community initiative that resisted deforestation in several areas.
(iii) The community has declare their own set of rules and regulation which do not allow hunting and are protesting and wildlife against any outside encouragement.
(4) Many states have launched joint forest management program to involve local communities in the management and restoration of degraded forest.
(5)Nature worship is an age old tradition for many local communities. By doing so, they help in conservation of forest.
ii) Write a note on good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife.
Answer:
Good practices towards conserving forest and wildlife are
plenty. Nowadays, many non-governmental organisations are
working towards creating public awareness for conserving
depleting forest cover and vanishing wildlife. Central and state
governments in India have set up national parks and wildlife
sanctuaries to protect forests and endangered species in
wildlife. A recently developing practice towards conservation is
the search for different conservation measures. Biodiversity is
the new by-word of good practices towards conserving forest
and wildlife. Various communities, especially in tribal areas, who
are dependent on forests for their living are now taking an
active role in this form of conservation.